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The turbo charger boosts the flow of compressed air and in turn increases the flow of fuel, into the combustion chamber of the engine, improving the performance of the engine, which effectively enables the car to go faster. 

The turbo charger attaches to the exhaust and the engine and is driven by a turbine powered by gas from the exhaust. The exhaust leaves the engine and enters the housing of the turbine which causes the turbine wheel to rotate. The power of this rotation turns a shaft connected to a compressor, forcing the compressor to spin. As the compressor rotates it sucks in clean air and forces it through into the combustion chamber, providing extra power to the engine.

The turbo charger increases the engine's fuel efficiency and provides significantly more power than the engine alone, while helping to reduce CO2 emissions. It has an important part to play, therefore, in the overall performance of the engine, boosting the performance of the engine, enabling it to work as efficiently and effectively as possible.

Problems can occur with the turbo charger and there are a variety of issues that car owners may come across. A build-up of dirt and carbon can cause damage to the internal parts of the turbo charger which prevents it from performing properly and can, if left unattended, lead to severe damage to the unit. To avoid a build-up of unwanted dirt and carbon on the turbo charger ensure you regularly filter and change the oil. Issues can arise if unwanted debris such as stones and twigs from the road enters the turbo charger which can cause damage to the compressor wheels and turbine. This can harm the overall performance of the turbo charger. The turbo charger housing can crack which can lead to unwanted oil leaking into the exhaust system, causing the exhaust to smoke. General wear and tear will naturally take its toll on the turbo charger. It is subjected to extreme heat and can be susceptible to damage caused by faults in other systems such as the exhaust and fuel intake. If there is a fault with the turbo charger the Check Engine light will illuminate indicating, you need to investigate further.  If you are experiencing a loss of power, smoking exhaust, or a loud, shrill noise coming from the turbo charger, these are signs there are issues and you will need to have it looked at by a professional. When replacing the turbo charger it is important that you buy one that is compatible with the make and model of your car.